Fixes: #744

Do not review

I am currently breaking this up into multiple PRs to make it easier to review (you can follow progress in the ticket).
Otherwise, this PR should be functionally complete and at feature parity with the Java implementation.

Summary

Adds Puffin file format reader and writer implementations.

Testing

Added unit tests.

In particular, I have tests that check the Rust generated Puffin files are bit-wise identical to their Java counterparts.
You can perform the same check manually using:

cd crates/puffin/testdata/v1
diff java-generated/empty-puffin-uncompressed.bin rust-generated/empty-puffin-uncompressed.bin
diff java-generated/sample-metric-data-uncompressed.bin rust-generated/sample-metric-data-uncompressed.bin
diff java-generated/sample-metric-data-compressed-zstd.bin rust-generated/sample-metric-data-compressed-zstd.bin

Out of Scope

• Support for LZ4 compression/decompression
  • The Java library does not currently support this either. As the Java implementations are the reference implementations in the Iceberg ecosystem, I would like implement LZ4 support on the Java side first before implementing on the Rust side. At that point, we can also easily check the Java and Rust generated outputs are bit-wise identical.